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　　中考英语易错题(15)

　　湖北省宜昌市第五中学　葛　林

　　1. gold

　　[误]She brushed her gold hair carefully.

　　[正]She brushed her golden hair carefully.

　　[析]gold作形容词指“金质的”，如：a gold ring, a gold coin, 而golden是“金色的”，如：golden age(金色的时代)，但“金鱼”例外，为gold fish.

　　2. good

　　[误]I've been waiting for good twenty minutes.

　　[正]I've been waiting for a good twenty minutes.

　　[析]a good之意为“足足”“整整”之意。

　　good, well

　　He is good. 应译为“他是个好人。”而He is well. 应译为“他身体不错。”I feel good. 即精神状态良好，而I feel well.即身体状况不错。

　　[误]This food is very good to you.

　　[正]This food is very good for you.

　　[析]be good for是“对……有利、有好处”，而be good to是指“对待某人不错”，如：Your friend is very good to me.

　　3. grade

　　[误]--- What grade are you in? --- I'm in grade 1.

　　[正]--- What grade are you in? --- I'm in Grade 1.

　　[析]当泛指那一年级时grade的头一个字母小写，当有具体数字时则要大写。

　　4. had better

　　[误]You have better hurry.

　　[正]You had better hurry.

　　[析]had better只用过去时had，不要误用成现在时have.

　　[误]You hadn't better worry.

　　[正]You had better not worry.

　　[析]had better后面加不带to的不定式，其否定式是“had better not+动词原形”。

　　5. half

　　[误]I had driven about half mile.

　　[正]I had driven about half a mile.

　　[析]“半小时”有两种讲法：half an hour, a half hour. 而“一个半小时”应讲an hour and a half或one and a half hours.“半天”应讲half a day，“半镑”应讲half a pound.但要尽量避免使用half a year，而应用six months;不用half a month, 而用two weeks或fifteen days.

　　[误]Half us could go to the park.

　　[正]Half of us could go to the park.

　　[析]half用于名词前可用of结构也可不用of结构，但用于代词前则必须加of. 如：More than half (of) my classmates are boys.

　　[误]One and half apples are left on the table.

　　[正]One and half apples is left on the table.

　　[析]一个半(one and half)后面的名词要用复数，而句中的谓语动词却要用单数。

　　[误]Half of the work are done.

　　[正]Half of the work is done.

　　[误]Half of the six apples is red.

　　[正]Half of the six apples are red.

　　[析]“half of+名词”这一结构后面的谓语动词应与of后面的名词相一致，如为不可数名词或可数名词单数，要用单数谓语动词;而复数名词后面要加与复数相对应的谓语动词

　　6. hand

　　[误]He shook hand with his teacher.

　　[正]He shook hands with his teacher.

　　[析]与某人握手要用shake hands. 与hand有关的词组中有很多要用复数形式，如：change hands(转手、易手)，in the hands of (由……控制)，join hands(与人合作)。

　　7. happen

　　[误]What was happened to you last month?

　　[正]What happened to you last month?

　　[误]An accident was happened in this street last night.

　　[正]An accident happened in this street last night.

　　[析]在英语中不及物动词没有被动态，作为“发生”讲的happen，take place和break out都不具有被动态。happen to常用来表达一件偶然发生的事，如：If you happen to meet my sister please ask her to call me.

　　8. hard

　　[误]I have to study hardly.

　　[正]I have to study hard.

　　[析]hard是形容词，如：a hard work, 但它同时也是副词。hardly是hard的又一副词形式，但词意截然不同，意为“几乎不”。

　　[误]I had my leg broken last term, so I couldn't hardly study at all.

　　[正]I had my leg broken last term so I hardly studied at all.

　　[析]hardly意为“否定”，所以不要再加否定词语了，如果hardly用于句首则应采用倒装语序，如：Hardly had he arrived when she started complaining.

　　9. have

　　[误]I had my boy do his homework from morning till noon.

　　[正]I had my boy doing his homework from morning till noon.

　　[析]用have somebody do something还是doing something要取决句子的意思和句中的时间状语。

　　[误]I have my bike to repair.

　　[正]I have my bike repaired.

　　[析] have something done这一句型是让某事被别人去作，请看下面两句意义的不同：I have repaired my bike.(我自己已修好了自行车。)而I have my bike repaired.(我把车推出去让别人修理了。)

　　[误]Could you give me some money if you have.

　　[正]Could you give me some money if you have any.

　　[析]“如果你有的话”一句译为英文应加上any一词，如：I want some books if there is any.

　　10. headache

　　[误]I've got headache.

　　[正]I've got a headache.

　　[析]Headache是一个规则的可数名词，所以可以讲：My mother often gets headaches. 但是“牙痛”(toothache)，“肚子痛”(stomachache)等却都可以用作不可数名词，如：I've got toothache. 但也可用作可数名词。

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